Electronystagmography (ENG) is a non-invasive diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity of the muscles that control eye movement, as well as the movements of the eyes themselves. ENG testing is commonly used to evaluate the function of the vestibular system, which is responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation.

The ENG test involves placing electrodes around the eyes to record the electrical activity of the muscles that control eye movement. The patient is then asked to follow a moving object or to perform various head and body movements while the electrodes record the electrical signals generated by the muscles. The movements of the eyes are also recorded using a video camera, which allows the examiner to evaluate the coordination and accuracy of the eye movements.

Electronystagmography (ENG) testing can provide valuable diagnostic information for a range of conditions that affect the vestibular system, including vertigo, dizziness, and balance disorders. The test can help to identify the underlying cause of these symptoms, such as inner ear disorders, vestibular nerve damage, or central nervous system disorders.

In addition to clinical applications, ENG testing is also used in research to study the vestibular system and its functions. Researchers have used ENG to investigate the effects of various medications and substances on the vestibular system, as well as to study the effects of aging on vestibular function.

The Electronystagmography (ENG) test has several advantages over other methods of assessing vestibular function, such as caloric testing or rotational testing. It is non-invasive, quick, and easy to perform, and does not require the patient to actively participate or provide verbal feedback. The ENG test is also highly sensitive to changes in vestibular function, which makes it a valuable tool for detecting subtle abnormalities in the vestibular system.

However, there are some limitations to the ENG test that should be considered. The test may not be suitable for patients with certain medical conditions, such as severe eye disorders or pacemakers, due to the risk of complications. Additionally, the test can be affected by factors such as medication use or recent alcohol consumption, which can lead to variability in results.

Overall, the Electronystagmography (ENG) test is a valuable tool for evaluating vestibular function in a variety of clinical and research settings. Its non-invasive nature and sensitivity to changes in vestibular function make it a valuable complement to other methods of assessing vestibular function, and a useful tool for diagnosing and monitoring a range of vestibular disorders.